Pioglitazone hydrochloride is a medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to a class of drugs called thiazolidinediones, which work by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing insulin resistance.Pioglitazone hydrochloride acts primarily on adipose tissue, muscle, and liver cells to enhance their responsiveness to insulin. This results in increased uptake and utilization of glucose by the cells, leading to better blood sugar control. Additionally, pioglitazone hydrochloride helps to regulate lipid metabolism by reducing triglyceride levels and increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels.